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Cook the Pasta:
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o Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil.
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o Add the pasta and cook according to the package instructions until al dente. Drain and set aside.
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Make the Cheese Sauce:
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o In a large saucepan, melt the butter over medium heat.
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o Whisk in the flour and cook for 1-2 minutes until the mixture is bubbly and slightly golden.
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o Gradually whisk in the milk, ensuring there are no lumps. Continue to cook, stirring constantly, until the mixture thickens, about 5-7 minutes.
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o Add the mustard powder, garlic powder, salt, and pepper.
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o Remove the saucepan from the heat and stir in the shredded cheddar and Gruyere cheeses until melted and smooth.
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Combine and Bake:
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o Preheat the oven to 375°F (190°C).
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o In a large mixing bowl, combine the cooked pasta and cheese sauce, mixing well.
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o Transfer the mixture to a greased baking dish.
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o Sprinkle the grated Parmesan cheese and panko breadcrumbs (if using) evenly over the top.
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o Bake in the preheated oven for 20-25 minutes, or until the top is golden brown and bubbly.